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The Origin of the Second Amendment

A Documentary History of the Bill of Rights

Second Edition
Edited by David E. Young


Table of Contents

Second Edition


Preface
xiv
Editorial Methodxvi
Sources and Short Title Listxvii
Chronologyxx
Introductionxxiii

Documents Section
1
Federal Convention---Summer, 17872
Federal Convention---August 18, 17872
Federal Convention---August 20, 17876
Federal Convention---August 21, 17877
Federal Convention---August 23, 17877
Foreign Spectator---September 11, 178711
Federal Convention---September 12, 178711
Federal Convention---September 14, 178712
Federal Convention---September 15, 178713
Federal Convention (proposed U. S. Constitution)---September 17, 178715
Foreign Spectator---September 21, 178726
Confederation Congress---September 27, 178727
William Pierce (New York)---September 28, 178728
James Madison (New York)---September 30, 178729
Seceding Pennsylvania Assemblymen---October 2, 178730
Richard Henry Lee (New York)---October 2, 178731
Richard Henry Lee (New York)---October 5, 178731
Centinel I---October 5, 178733
Philadelphia Independent Gazetteer---October 6, 178734
George Mason---October 7, 178734
Governor Edmund Randolph (Richmond)---October 10, 178735
Foederal Constitution---October 10, 178737
A Citizen of America {Noah Webster}---October 10, 178738
A Citizen of Pennsylvania---October 12, 178741
An Old Whig I---October 12, 178743
Richard Henry Lee---October 16, 178744
Impartial---October 16, 178745
One of the People---October 17, 178745
A Democratic Federalist---October 17, 178745
An Old Whig II---October 17, 178748
Elbridge Gerry (New York)---October 18, 178751
An Old Whig III---October 20, 178751
Louis Guillaume Otto (New York)---October 20, 178754
An American Citizen IV {Tench Coxe}---October 21, 178754
Louis Guillaume Otto---October 23, 178756
Essay on Federal Sentiments---October 23, 178757
A Citizen---October 24, 178757
Centinel II---October 24, 178758
New Haven Connecticut Journal---October 24, 178761
Virginia House of Delegates---October 25, 178762
An Old Constitutionalist---October 26, 178764
A Confederationalist---October 27, 178764
An Old Whig IV---October 27, 178766
M.C.---October 27, 178768
John De Witt II---October 27, 178769
George Lee Turberville (Charleston)---October 28, 178771
Arthur Lee (New York)---October 29, 178771
Richmond Virginia Independent Chronicle---October 31, 178772
Philadelphia Freeman's Journal---October 31, 178773
New Haven Connecticut Journal---October 31, 178774
Agricola---November 1, 178775
An Old Whig V---November 1, 178775
Cincinnatus I---November 1, 178777
Brutus II---November 1, 178777
Timoleon---November 1, 178783
George Turner (Philadelphia)---November 6, 178783
Argus---November 8, 178784
A Citizen of Philadelphia {Pelatiah Webster}---November 8, 178785
Centinel III---November 8, 178785
Hugh Williamson---November 8, 178786
Cincinnatus II---November 8, 178787
Federal Farmer---November [8], 178789
The Monitor---November 9, 178797
Uncus---November 9, 178797
Vox Populi---November 9, 178798
Plain Truth---November 10, 178799
R.S.---November 10, 1787101
William Grayson (New York)---November 10, 1787101
John Adams (London)---November 10, 1787101
James White (New York)---November 13, 1787102
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---November 13, 1787102
One of the Late Army---November 14, 1787103
A Georgian---November 15, 1787103
Brutus III---November 15, 1787104
Cincinnatus III---November 15, 1787104
Publius {Alexander Hamilton}---November 20, 1787105
Philadelphia Freeman's Journal---November 21, 1787107
Cincinnatus IV---November 22, 1787107
A Citizen---November 24, 1787108
Preston, Connecticut---November 26, 1787109
Pennsylvania Convention---November 26, 1787110
Pennsylvania Convention---November 28, 1787112
An Old Whig VII---November 28, 1787118
A Federal Republican---November 28, 1787119
Brutus IV---November 29, 1787122
Agrippa III---November 30, 1787123
Pennsylvania Convention---November 30, 1787123
One of the Common People---December 3, 1787127
John De Witt V---December 3, 1787129
Pennsylvania Convention---December 4, 1787135
Publius {Alexander Hamilton}---December 4, 1787136
Cumberland County Petition---December 5, 1787137
Philadelphiensis III---December 5, 1787138
A True Friend---December 6, 1787139
Brutus---December 6, 1787144
Philanthropos---December 6, 1787145
Pennsylvania Convention---December 6, 1787145
"Z"---December 6, 1787146
James Madison (New York)---December 9, 1787147
A Landholder VI {Oliver Ellsworth}---December 10, 1787147
George Lee Turberville (Richmond)---December 11, 1787148
Thomas Johnson (Annapolis)---December 11, 1787149
One of the People---December 11, 1787149
Uriah Forrest (London)---December 11, 1787149
Pennsylvania Convention---December 12, 1787150
A Countryman---December 15, 1787153
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---December 15, 1787154
Pennsylvania Minority---December 18, 1787154
Philadelphiensis V---December 19, 1787176
Jacob Trusty---December 19, 1787176
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---December 20, 1787177
Robert Yates and John Lansing, Jr.---December 21, 1787177
Charles Nisbet (Carlisle)---December 25, 1787178
Cassius XI---December 25, 1787178
Philadelphiensis VI---December 26, 1787179
Publius {Alexander Hamilton}---December 26, 1787182
An American {Tench Coxe}---December 28, 1787185
America {Noah Webster}---December 31, 1787186
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---December 31, 1787186
George Washington---January 1, 1788187
Marquis de Lafayette (Paris)---January 1, 1788187
An Old Soldier---January 4, 1788188
Samuel Osgood (New York)---January 5, 1788188
The Republican---January 7, 1788188
Centinel IX---January 8, 1788191
Indignatus---January 8, 1788192
Thomas B. Wait (Portland, Maine)---January 8, 1788193
Pennsylvania Carlisle Gazette---January 9, 1788194
Philadelphia Freeman's Journal---January 9, 1788195
Publius {Alexander Hamilton}---January 9, 1788195
Trusty---January 10, 1788200
Supreme Executive Council---January 10, 1788201
Samuel---January 10, 1788202
An Impartial Citizen--- January 10, 1788203
A Farmer---January 11, 1788204
Charles Johnson (Strawberry Hill, North Carolina)---January 14, 1788207
Agrippa XIII---January 14, 1788207
Nathaniel Barrell (Boston)---January 15, 1788208
The State Soldier I---January 16, 1788209
Philanthropos {Tench Coxe}---January 16, 1788210
Philadelphia Freeman's Journal---January 16, 1788210
Philadelphia Freeman's Journal---January 16, 1788211
South Carolina Legislature---January 18, 1788215
An Independent Freeholder---January 18, 1788217
Luther Martin---January 18, 1788219
An Old Militia Officer of 1776---January 18, 1788221
Agrippa XVII---January 21, 1788222
Massachusetts Convention---January 21, 1788224
A Countryman---January 22, 1788224
Helvidius Priscus---January 22, 1788225
Philadelphia Freeman's Journal---January 23, 1788227
Philadelphiensis VIII---January 23, 1788227
Massachusetts Convention---January 23, 1788228
Massachusetts Convention---January 24, 1788230
William Russell (Aspenville)---January 25, 1788231
Publius {James Madison}---January 25, 1788231
The Yeomanry of Massachusetts---January 25, 1788232
John Wilkes I---January 26, 1788233
Observator---January 26, 1788233
Publius {James Madison}---January 29, 1788234
Civis Rusticus---January 30, 1788235
Philadelphia Pennsylvania Gazette---January 30, 1788237
Franklin County Petition---January 30, 1788238
Aristides {Alexander Contee Hanson}---January 31, 1788239
A Watchman---February, 1788242
Columbian Patriot {Mercy Warren}---February, 1788243
Luther Martin---February 1, 1788246
Massachusetts Convention---February 1, 1788246
The Almanac-Maker---February 2, 1788248
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---February 2, 1788249
Massachusetts Convention---February 4, 1788249
Marquis de Lafayette (Paris)---February 4, 1788250
William Russell---February 5, 1788250
Philadelphia Pennsylvania Herald---February 5, 1788251
Massachusetts Convention---February 5, 1788251
Agrippa XVIII---February 5, 1788252
The State Soldier II---February 6, 1788253
An Old Whig VIII---February 6, 1788254
Philadelphiensis IX---February 6, 1788258
Massachusetts Convention---February 6, 1788260
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---February 6, 1788264
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---February 7, 1788264
Anti-Foederalist Nos. I & II---February 8, 1788264
Candour---February 12, 1788265
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---February 12, 1788265
A Farmer I---February 15, 1788266
George Nicholas (Charlottesville)---February 16, 1788270
William Fleming (Botetourt Co., Virginia)---February 19, 1788270
The Impartial Examiner---February 20, 1788271
A Pennsylvanian III {Tench Coxe}---February 20, 1788275
Deliberator---February 20, 1788277
Philadelphiensis X---February 20, 1788277
Alexander White---February 22, 1788280
Publius {Alexander Hamilton}---February 23, 1788281
Richard Henry Lee (Chantilly)---February 26, 1788283
The Impartial Examiner---February 27, 1788285
Philadelphia Independent Gazetteer---February 27, 1788286
Reverend John Leeland---February 28, 1788286
Philadelphia Independent Gazetteer---February 28, 1788287
Alexander White---February 29, 1788288
The Landholder X---February 29, 1788289
A Farmer II---February 29, 1788289
Hugh Henry Brackenridge---March 1, 1788291
The Impartial Examiner---March 5, 1788292
Philadelphia Freeman's Journal---March 5, 1788294
Winchester Virginia Gazette---March 7, 1788295
Philadelphiensis XI---March 8, 1788296
Philodemos---March 8, 1788296
One of the People---March 10, 1788297
Marcus---March 12, 1788297
James de Caledonia IV---March 12, 1788298
An Impartial Citizen---March 13, 1788299
Philadelphia Independent Gazetteer---March 14, 1788301
Sommers---March 15, 1788301
Luther Martin---March 18, 1788301
A Ploughman---March 19, 1788303
Connecticut Norwich Packet---March 20, 1788305
A Farmer IV---March 21, 1788305
Luther Martin---March 21, 1788305
The Political Club (Danville, Kentucky)---March 22, 1788307
A Farmer V---March 25, 1788308
Tullius---March 26, 1788309
Luther Martin---March 28, 1788310
J. T. Chase & J. F. Mercer---April, 1788312
A Plebian---April, 1788312
A Farmer VI---April 1, 1788328
Massachusetts Delegates---April 9, 1788328
Aristocrotis---April [15], 1788329
George Lee Turberville (Epping, Richmond County)---April 16, 1788335
A Farmer---April 23, 1788336
Philadelphia Pennsylvania Gazette---April 23, 1788336
Albany Antifederal Committee---April 26, 1788337
Philadelphia Independent Gazetteer---April 30, 1788339
John Francis Mercer---[May], 1788340
Federal Farmer---May, 1788342
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---May 2, 1788356
Maryland Minority---May 6, 1788356
Richard Henry Lee (Westmoreland County)---May 7, 1788361
South Carolina Convention---May 20, 1788363
George Mason---May 26, 1788365
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---May 27, 1788366
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---June 3, 1788367
Virginia Convention---June 5, 1788367
Virginia Convention---June 6, 1788374
Virginia Convention---June 7, 1788375
A Militiaman---June 7, 1788379
George Mason (Richmond)---June 9, 1788380
Virginia Convention---June 9, 1788380
Virginia Convention---June 10, 1788384
Virginia Convention---June 11, 1788385
Denatus---June 11, 1788387
George Mason---[June 11, 1788]388
Virginia Convention---June 12, 1788390
Sydney---June 13, 1788396
Cassandra---June 14, 1788397
A Freeman---June 14, 1788398
Virginia Convention---June 14, 1788399
Virginia Convention---June 16, 1788417
Virginia Convention---June 17, 1788441
Many---June 18, 1788443
Virginia Convention---June 19, 1788443
Robert Yates (Poughkeepsie)---June 21, 1788444
New Hampshire Convention---June 21, 1788445
James Madison (Richmond)---June 22, 1788447
Virginia Convention---June 24, 1788448
Virginia Convention---June 25, 1788451
A Delegate Who Has Catched Cold---June 25, 1788455
New York Journal---June 26, 1788456
Virginia Convention---June 27, 1788456
Philadelphia Independent Gazetteer---June 27, 1788463
New York Convention---June 27, 1788463
New York Convention---July 2, 1788464
Philadelphia Pennsylvania Gazette---July 2, 1788470
Cumberland County (Pennsylvania) Meeting July 3, 1788471
New York Convention---July 7, 1788473
Pennsylvania Carlisle Gazette---July 9, 1788475
New York Convention---July 10, 1788476
New York Convention---July 19, 1788476
Abraham Clark (New York)---July 23, 1788479
New York Convention---July 26, 1788480
New York Convention---July 28, 1788488
North Carolina Convention---July 28, 1788490
North Carolina Convention---July 29, 1788493
North Carolina Convention---July 30, 1788496
North Carolina Convention---July 31, 1788501
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---July 31, 1788502
North Carolina Convention---August 1, 1788503
Abraham G. Lansing (Albany)---August 3, 1788509
Tench Coxe (Philadelphia)---August 5, 1788510
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---August 12, 1788510
James Hanna (Newtown)---August 15, 1788511
Fayette County (Pennsylvania) Delegates---August 18, 1788512
Solon, jun.---August 23, 1788512
James Tilghman (Chestertown)---August 24, 1788514
Bucks County (Pennsylvania) Meeting
August 25, 1788514
Solon---August 28, 1788516
A Friend to Amendments---August 28, 1788517
A Republican---September 1, 1788517
William Shippen, Jr. (Philadelphia)---September 2, 1788518
Harrisburg Convention---September 6, 1788519
Boston Massachusetts Centinel---September 6, 1788524
A Federal Correspondent---September 11, 1788524
A Marylander---September 12, 1788525
Providence Gazette---September 13, 1788526
A Republican---September 17, 1788527
Civis---September 19, 1788527
DeWitt Clinton (New York)---September 19, 1788529
Pittsburgh Gazette---September 20, 1788530
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---September 20, 1788532
James Madison (New York)---September 21, 1788532
Abraham Yates, Jr. (New York)---September 22, 1788533
Governor Samuel Huntington (Connecticut)---September 23, 1788533
Federalism---September 26, 1788534
Richard Henry Lee (Chantilly)---October 15, 1788538
James Madison (New York)---October 17, 1788538
Charles Smith (Sudbury)---October 18, 1788542
James Madison (New York)---October 20, 1788542
Real Farmer---October 22, 1788543
Christian Farmer---October 23, 1788543
Theodorick Bland (Richmond)---October 23, 1788545
John Harris (Harrisburg)---October 28, 1788546
Virginia House of Delegates---October 29, 1788546
Charles Lee (Richmond)---October 29, 1788547
Honestus---October 30, 1788548
Virginia House of Delegates---October 31, 1788550
A Friend to the People---November 1, 1788550
James Madison (New York)---November 2, 1788551
Father Abraham---November 3, 1788553
Federal Republican Committee (New York)---November 4, 1788554
Foreign Spectator---November 7, 1788556
A Friend to Liberty and Union---November 7, 1788556
Annapolis Maryland Gazette---November 13, 1788559
Federal Republican Committee (New York)---November 13, 1788560
Virginia House of Delegates---November 14, 1788561
Centinel XXII---November 14, 1788566
Foreign Spectator---November 14, 1788567
Patrick Henry (Richmond)---November 15, 1788571
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---November 18, 1788572
Alfred---November 19, 1788572
Philadelphia Independent Gazetteer---November 22, 1788573
James Wilson---November 23, 1788574
William R. Davie---November 25, 1788575
David Humphreys (Mount Vernon)---November 29, 1788575
Jonathan Jackson (Newburyport)---December, 1788575
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---December 4, 1788579
James Madison (Philadelphia)---December 8, 1788579
Governor George Clinton---December 11, 1788580
A Federal Republican---December 11, 1788581
Belasarius---December 15, 1788583
George Mason (Gunston Hall)---December 18, 1788583
John Francis Mercer---December 20, 1788584
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---December 25, 1788585
Election Appeal for James Monroe---January, 1789586
Arthur Lee---January, 1789587
Aristides---January 1, 1789588
Adolphus---January 1, 1789591
James Madison (Orange)---January 2, 1789594
Samuel Sterett---January 2, 1789595
A Native of Baltimore---January 6, 1789596
Civis---January 6, 1789597
A True Federalist---January 7, 1789598
Thomas Rodney (Poplar Grove, Delaware)---January 10, 1789601
Elbridge Gerry (Cambridge)---January 12, 1789601
James Madison (Louisa)---January 13, 1789602
New York Assembly---January 20, 1789604
An Observer---January 22, 1789606
Elbridge Gerry---January 22, 1789607
Philadelphia Independent Gazetteer---January 23, 1789608
James Madison---January 27, 1789609
New York Election Law---January 27, 1789610
Spectator---January 27, 1789610
Abraham Clark---February 4, 1789611
New York Assembly---February 4, 1789612
New York Assembly---February 5, 1789624
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---February 9, 1789626
A. B.---February 13, 1789626
Baltimore Maryland Gazette---February 17, 1789627
A Republican---February 23, 1789627
Joshua Atherton (Amherst)---February 23, 1789629
Cassius---March 3, 1789630
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---March 4, 1789634
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---March 13, 1789634
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---March 15, 1789635
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---March 18, 1789637
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---March 23, 1789638
Paine Wingate (New York)---March 25, 1789639
H.G.---April 7, 1789639
James Madison (New York)---April 8, 1789640
James Madison (New York)---April 12, 1789640
Republican Committee---April 21, 1789641
President George Washington---April 30, 1789642
House of Representatives---May 4, 1789642
House of Representatives---May 5, 1789643
House of Representatives---May 6, 1789643
James Madison (New York)---May 27, 1789643
Richard Henry Lee (New York)---May 28, 1789644
President George Washington---[May 31, 1789]644
James Madison---June 8, 1789645
House of Representatives---June 8, 1789647
William R. Davie---June 10, 1789666
Fisher Ames (New York)---June 11, 1789667
Fisher Ames (New York)---June 12, 1789668
William Grayson (New York)---June 12, 1789668
James Madison (New York)---June 13, 1789669
James Madison (New York)---June 15, 1789669
A Pennsylvanian {Tench Coxe}---June 18, 1789670
Tench Coxe (Philadelphia)---June 18, 1789672
James Madison (New York)---June 21, 1789673
Joseph Jones (Richmond)---June 24, 1789673
James Madison (New York)---June 24, 1789673
A Pennsylvanian {Tench Coxe}---June 30, 1789674
Hugh Williamson (Baltimore)---July 2, 1789676
One of the People---July 2, 1789676
Governor and Council of North Carolina---July 9, 1789678
House of Representatives---July 21, 1789679
Fisher Ames (New York)---July 23, 1789679
House of Representatives---July 28, 1789680
George Mason (Gunston Hall)---July 31, 1789682
James Madison (New York)---August 2, 1789682
Pierce Butler (New York)---August 11, 1789683
Fisher Ames (New York)---August 12, 1789683
House of Representatives---August 13, 1789684
House of Representatives---August 14, 1789687
House of Representatives---August 15, 1789688
House of Representatives---August 17, 1789695
House of Representatives---August 18, 1789699
House of Representatives---August 19, 1789700
James Madison (New York)---August 19, 1789700
Philadelphia Independent Gazetteer---August 20, 1789701
House of Representatives---August 20, 1789702
James Madison (New York)---August 21, 1789704
James Madison (New York)---August 21, 1789704
Samuel Adams---August 22, 1789704
James Madison (New York)---August 24, 1789705
House of Representatives---August 24, 1789706
Samuel Adams---August 24, 1789708
Thomas Jefferson (Paris)---August 28, 1789709
United States Senate---September 4, 1789710
George Mason (Gunston Hall)---September 8, 1789710
Centinel, Revived, No. XXIX---September 9, 1789711
United States Senate---September 9, 1789712
James Madison (New York)---September 14, 1789712
Richard Henry Lee (New York)---September 14, 1789713
Archibald Maclaine (Wilmington, North Carolina)---September 17, 1789714
State Gazette of North Carolina---September 24, 1789714
United States Congress---September 26, 1789715
Richard Henry Lee (New York)---September 27, 1789717
William Grayson (New York)---September 29, 1789717
President George Washington (New York)---October 2, 1789718
New York Gazette of the United States---October 14, 1789719
James Madison (Orange)---November 20, 1789719
New Jersey Council---November 20, 1789720
Hardin Burnley (Richmond)---November 28, 1789720
Hardin Burnley (Richmond)---[December] 5, 1789721
James Madison (Orange)---December 5, 1789722
Virginia Senate---December 12, 1789722
John Dawson (Richmond)---December 17, 1789725
Maryland Senate---December 19, 1789726
Edward Carrington (Richmond)---December 20, 1789726
Governor Alexander Martin---December 22, 1789727
North Carolina General Assembly---December 22, 1789728
Philadelphia Independent Gazetteer---December 28, 1789728
Philadelphia Pennsylvania Packet---December 29, 1789728
Philadelphia Federal Gazette---January 5, 1790729
President George Washington---January 8, 1790729
South Carolina Senate---January 19, 1790730
New Hampshire Legislature---January 25, 1790730
Delaware Legislature---January 28, 1790730
Governor John Hancock---January 28, 1790731
New York Senate---February 24, 1790732
Pennsylvania General Assembly---March 10, 1790732
Governor Arthur Fenner (Rhode Island)---May 20, 1790732
Rhode Island Convention---May 29, 1790733
Richard Henry Lee (New York)---June 10, 1790739
Rhode Island General Assembly---June [15], 1790739
Thomas Jefferson (Philadelphia)---December 4, 1790740
A Farmer---January 29, 1791741
Vermont General Assembly---November 3, 1791742
Virginia Senate---December 15, 1791742
Thomas Jefferson---March 1, 1792742
Philadelphia Freeman's Journal---March 14, 1792743

Appendix A:
The State Bills of Rights and Related Constitutional Provisions747
Virginia Bill of Rights---June 12, 1776747
New Jersey Constitution---July 3, 1776749
Delaware Declaration of Rights---September 11, 1776750
Pennsylvania Constitution---September 28, 1776752
Maryland Declaration of Rights---November 11, 1776755
North Carolina Constitution---December 18, 1776761
Georgia Constitution---February 5, 1777763
New York Constitution---April 20, 1777764
Vermont Constitution---July 8, 1777765
South Carolina Constitution---March 19, 1778768
Massachusetts Constitution---October 25, 1780769
New Hampshire Bill of Rights---June 2, 1784775

Appendix B:
Bills of Rights Provisions Comparison Chart781

Appendix C:
Popular Support for the Constitution and a Bill of Rights784

Supplement
788

Index
803

For further info, contact deyoung1@chartermi.net
This page last updated: August 4, 2016

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